An assessment of global governance mechanisms on addressing income inequality: A case study of the UN’s SDGs in Lagos State
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Background of the Study
Global governance mechanisms, such as the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), play a pivotal role in addressing income inequality by promoting inclusive growth, social justice, and equitable resource distribution. In Lagos State, the implementation of SDG-related policies has influenced efforts to reduce income disparities and enhance social welfare (Xavier, 2023). This study assesses the impact of global governance mechanisms on income inequality by evaluating the progress made under the SDGs. It examines policy frameworks, development programs, and socio-economic indicators to determine how effective these global initiatives have been in promoting a more balanced economic environment in Lagos State (Young, 2024). The research also explores the challenges of translating global goals into local realities, including issues of political will, resource allocation, and administrative capacity (Zhang, 2025). Through a mixed-methods approach, the study provides a nuanced evaluation of the UN’s SDGs and offers recommendations for enhancing their impact on reducing income inequality.
Statement of the problem
Despite the ambitious framework provided by the UN’s SDGs, income inequality remains a significant issue in Lagos State. Implementation challenges, including insufficient funding, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and inconsistent policy enforcement, have hampered progress toward reducing economic disparities (Xavier, 2023). Critics contend that while global governance mechanisms offer a roadmap for equitable growth, the gap between international targets and local implementation often results in limited impact on income distribution (Young, 2024). This study investigates whether the current global governance framework is effective in addressing income inequality in Lagos State or if additional local adaptations and reforms are needed to achieve meaningful results (Zhang, 2025).
Objectives of the Study:
To evaluate the implementation of the UN’s SDGs in Lagos State.
To assess their impact on reducing income inequality.
To propose policy recommendations to enhance governance mechanisms.
Research questions
How effectively are the SDGs implemented in Lagos State?
What challenges impede progress in addressing income inequality?
What reforms can improve the impact of global governance on income distribution?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it critically assesses the role of global governance in reducing income inequality, providing insights for policymakers to strengthen the implementation of the SDGs in Lagos State. The findings aim to bridge the gap between global targets and local outcomes, promoting more equitable economic growth (Xavier, 2023).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to evaluating the impact of the UN’s SDGs on income inequality in Lagos State; broader aspects of global governance are not considered.
Definitions of terms
Global governance mechanisms: International frameworks designed to manage global issues (Xavier, 2023).
Income inequality: The unequal distribution of income among a population.
SDGs: Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations.
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